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UY Scuti
UY Scuti is a bright red supergiant and pulsating variable star in the constellation Scutum. It is one of the leading candidates for being the largest known star by radius and is also one of the most luminous of its kind. It has an estimated average median radius of 1,708 solar radii, or a diameter of 2.4 billion km (1.5 billion mi; 15.9 AU); thus a volume 5 billion times that of the Sun. It is approximately 2.9 kiloparsecs (9,500 light years) from Earth. If placed at the center of the Solar System, its photosphere would engulf the orbit of Jupiter, although the radius is not known for certain and may be larger than the orbit of Saturn.
== Observations ==
UY Scuti was first catalogued in 1860 by German astronomers at the Bonn Observatory during the first sky survey of stars for the Bonner Durchmusterung Stellar Catalogue. At its discovery it was named BD -12 5055, the 5,055th star between 12°S and 13°S counting from 0h right ascension. By that time the Durchmusterung Catalogue was one of the most comprehensive stellar catalogues of the sky, and the data of the survey was released in 1862.
On the next detection of the star in the second survey it was found to change slightly in brightness, suggesting that it was a new variable star. In accordance with the international standard of designation of variable stars, it was called UY Scuti, the 38th variable star of the constellation Scutum (see variable star designation).
Under exceptionally good conditions with no light pollution, UY Scuti can be seen using a small telescope or large binoculars as a reddish star with a faint smudge along the stars of the Milky Way. It is located a few degrees north of the A-type naked-eye star Gamma Scuti, and 2 arcminutes northwest of the Eagle Nebula. Although the star is very luminous it is, at its brightest, only 11th magnitude as viewed from Earth, due to its distance and location in the Zone of Avoidance within the Cygnus rift.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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